COVID-19: What are the coronavirus rules across the UK and how do they differ in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland?

January 19, 2022

Boris Johnson is planning to remove all remaining coronavirus restrictions in England a month early - but Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have not made similar announcements.

Plan B measures introduced to tackle the Omicron wave in England expired on 26 January, meaning face masks are no longer required in shops and on public transport and people are not being advised to work from home anymore.

Mr Johnson announced on 9 February that "provided the current encouraging trends in the data continue", all remaining COVID restrictions in England, including the legal requirement to self-isolate, will be lifted by the end of the month.

The devolved governments in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have announced they are planning to remove some rules but have not gone as far as the PM.

Here, Sky News looks at what the rules now are on COVID-19 in the UK's four nations - and what is expected.

England

People are no longer advised to work from home and pupils are not required to wear face masks in classrooms.

From 27 January:

• COVID passes no longer required, although venues can choose to use them if they wish

• Face masks no longer mandated anywhere, but "suggested" in places where you mix with people you don't usually meet

Self-isolation and testing

The prime minister has said he plans to remove the legal requirement to self-isolate if you test positive for COVID a "full month early".

Current COVID laws in England were due to expire on 24 March, but bringing that date forward could mean they lapse as soon as 21 February when MPs return from their recess.

Since 17 January people who test positive for COVID in England have been able to leave isolation after five full days - from the day their symptoms started or the day they tested positive, whichever comes first - providing they have a negative lateral flow test (LFT) result on days five and six.

Previously isolation could only end after two negative LFT results on days six and seven.

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Since 11 January, people who test positive via LFT but have no symptoms have no longer been required to book a confirmation PCR test.

People with symptoms still have to book a PCR test and both are required to isolate.

Those identified as a close contact of a positive case do not have to isolate but should take daily LFTs for seven days and exercise caution when mixing with others.

This only applies to people who are fully vaccinated, if you aren't you will have to isolate for 10 days.

Scotland

On 18 January, First Minister Nicola Sturgeon announced the lifting of nearly all of Scotland's Omicron restrictions. She warned that cases are "still high", but from 24 January:

• Three-household limit on indoor gatherings scrapped

• No limit on the number of people allowed to attend indoor events

• Social distancing no longer required between groups in indoor public places

• Table service in pubs, restaurants, bars and other hospitality venues scrapped

• Nightclubs reopen

• Non-professor indoor contact sports resume

• Face masks are still legally required on public transport, and in shops, hospitality and leisure venues

COVID passes

Scotland's COVID certification scheme will remain in place, with people required to show they are either fully vaccinated or have tested negative for COVID via LFT in the past 24 hours for entry to certain venues.

They are:

• Late night premises with music, which serve alcohol at any time between midnight and 5am and have a designated place for dancing for customers

• Indoor events (unseated) with 500 or more people

• Outdoor events (unseated) with 4,000 or more people

• Any event with 10,000 or more people

But from 24 January these two changes apply:

• Only 20% of attendees of large events must be checked for vaccination status - down from 50% - or at least 1,000 people, whichever figure is highest

• 'Fully vaccinated' status to get into late-night venues means having a second dose within the last 120 days - but not less than 14 days ago - or if their second dose was more than 120 days ago - they must have had their booster at least 10 days ago

Testing and self-isolation

From 5 January, people in Scotland who test positive for coronavirus can leave isolation seven days after they test positive or develop symptoms - whichever is first - providing they have no symptoms and test negative on an LFT on days six and seven.

They can leave isolation on any day after that providing they are asymptomatic and have had two negative results 24 hours apart.

From 6 January, people who test positive via LFT but have no symptoms have no longer been required to book a confirmation PCR test.

People with symptoms still have to book a PCR test and both are required to isolate for at least five days.

Those identified as a close contact of a positive case do not have to isolate but should take daily LFTs for seven days and exercise caution when mixing with others.

This only applies to people who are fully vaccinated with three doses of a vaccine, if you aren't you will have to isolate for 10 days.

Wales

On 14 January, First Minister Mark Drakeford announced a roadmap that would move Wales gradually from alert level two to zero.

From 28 January:

• No social distancing, rule-of-six or table service required in hospitality venues

• Nightclubs reopen with COVID passes required, as they are for cinemas, concerts, and theatres

• Working from home "remains important but moves from law to guidance"

• Face masks still a legal requirement in all indoor public spaces apart from hospitality venues

COVID passes

Beyond 28 January, COVID passes will still be required for entry to the following venues in Wales:

• Large events, cinemas, theatres and concert halls

• Unseated indoor venues with more than 500 people in the audience

• Any outdoor or indoor unseated venues with a capacity over 4,000

• Any event, of any nature, which has more than 10,000 people in attendance

People can get a COVID pass by getting two doses of a vaccine or a negative LFT test taken within the previous 24 hours.

Testing and self-isolation

Also from 28 February, people in Wales who test positive for coronavirus can leave isolation five days after they test positive or develop symptoms - whichever is first - providing they have no symptoms and test negative on an LFT on days five and six.

They can leave isolation on any day after that providing they are asymptomatic and have had two negative results 24 hours apart.

From 6 January, people who test positive via LFT but have no symptoms have no longer been required to book a confirmation PCR test.

People with symptoms still have to book a PCR test and both are required to isolate for at least five days.

Those identified as a close contact of a positive case do not have to isolate but should take daily LFTs for seven days and exercise caution when mixing with others.

This only applies to people who are fully vaccinated with three doses of a vaccine, if you aren't you will have to isolate for 10 days.

Northern Ireland

On 20 January, powers at Stormont announced an easing of the measures brought in to curb Omicron last year.

From 26 January:

• COVID passes no longer required in pubs, restaurants and cinemas

• Six-person limit on groups and mandatory table service inside hospitality venues scrapped

• Limit on three households meeting in a private home scrapped, but no more than 30 people can stay together overnight

• Ban on dancing in hospitality venues ends

• Nightclubs reopen

• Indoor events can take place again

• Social distancing no longer mandated in offices and other workplaces

• Face masks remain a legal requirement on public transport, in shops, hospitality venues and most other indoor venues

COVID passes

From 26 January, the COVID certification scheme covers fewer venues. They are:

• Nightclubs

• Indoor unseated events

• Partially-seated events with 500 people or more

A COVID pass in Northern Ireland requires proof of two doses of a vaccine or a negative LFT test within the past 48 hours.

Self-isolation and testing

On 26 January, Northern Ireland changed its self-isolation period in line with England and Wales.

This means that people can now leave isolation after five days if they produce negative LFT results on days five and six.

From 5 January in Northern Ireland people who test positive via LFT but have no symptoms have no longer been required to book a confirmation PCR test.

People with symptoms still have to book a PCR test and both are required to isolate for at least five days.

Fully-vaccinated people who are identified as close contacts of a positive case do not have to self-isolate but should take daily LFTs for 10 days - before they leave their house each day.

Those who are not fully vaccinated must self-isolate for 10 days.

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