Verstappen, needing to outscore Charles Leclerc by eight points and Sergio Perez by six at Suzuka, dominated in the wet conditions and a late penalty for Leclerc sealed the title with four races of the 2022 season remaining.

That coronation, though, was shrouded in doubt after the race as it was initially believed full points would not be awarded, as only 29 laps were completed of the planned 53-lap race due to heavy rain and a long red flag.

• Verstappen wins chaotic, rain-shortened Japanese GP to clinch title
• The F1 championship standings after Verstappen seals crown

With between 50 per cent and 75 per cent of the laps completed, Red Bull and most of the F1 paddock thought Verstappen would only be awarded 19 points for his victory.

But for the Japanese GP there was a different interpretation of the rules, which state that the reduced points are only applied if a race is suspended "and cannot be resumed".

With the race finishing in the allotted three-hour window, full points were awarded, and a five-second penalty for Leclerc after the race - for gaining an advantage at the final corner - dropped him from second to third behind Perez and handed Verstappen the title.

Verstappen, who did not know he had won the championship when he crossed the line, now joins a pantheon of greats to have claimed back-to-back F1 crowns.

"The first one is a little more emotional, the second one is more beautiful," said Verstappen.

"It's been a special year, and you need to remind yourself as these kind of years you don't have very often."

He added to Sky Sports F1: "It's a pretty crazy feeling, of course, because I didn't expect it when I crossed the line. Of course, you could see it slowly happening, but it's incredible at the end of the day that we did win it here.

"I didn't know how many points I was going to get."

Verstappen, 25, is the 12th driver to clinch consecutive titles and is the second youngest to do so, after Sebastian Vettel (2010-11).

Michael Schumacher, Fernando Alonso and Lewis Hamilton are the only other drivers to have managed the feat in the 2000s.

Verstappen follows up 2021 controversy with F1 domination

Schumacher and Nigel Mansell are the only drivers in F1 history to have won the title earlier than Verstappen.

The Dutchman claimed his first title in 2021 in hugely-controversial circumstances against Hamilton, but his defence has been much more dominant after Red Bull aced 2022's new rules with their car.

Despite a rocky start to the season with two retirements in the first three rounds, Verstappen chased down and stormed ahead of Ferrari's Leclerc, and has won 12, two thirds, of the season's 18 races.

The record for most race wins in a season is 13.

"We came back from some difficulties in the first couple of races, but he and the team have just raised it to another level," Red Bull boss Christian Horner told Sky Sports F1.

Technical chief Adrian Newey added: "Max has been absolutely superb this year.

"In the traffic in Singapore he made a little mistake, but apart from that he's made no mistakes and he's always had the speed. He thoroughly deserves all the success he's having this year."

Red Bull are also well on track for their first drivers' and constructors' championship double since 2013, now 165 points ahead of Ferrari.